The 3 SPOT satellites in orbit (Spot 5, 6, 7) provide very high resolution images - 1.5 m for Panchromatic channel, 6m for Multi-spectral (R,G,B,NIR). Band 1 to Band 9 are acquired by Operational Land Imager(OLI) and Band 10/11 are acquired by Thermal Infrared Sensor(TIRS). The SPOT archive contains more than 100 billion square kilometres acquired since 1986, a unique database for temporal evolution monitoring. The Introductory Guide to EEG (Electroencephalography ... The satellites deliver 1.5 m optical imagery and offer a daily revisit capability to any point on the globe. Its objective is to ensure C-band data continuity, enhanced operational use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and improved system reliability over the next decade. SPOT 6/7 data with its high spatial resolution is suitable for a range of remote sensing applications such as vegetation monitoring, precise mapping, risk and disaster management. NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ... This technique acquires 64 overlapping 0.6 mm slices per rotation. Grid Data Access page. Very high resolution means sensors with a sub-meter ground resolution (e.g. satellites is an example of a high-temporal resolution sensor but with moderate spatial resolu- tions varying from 250 m to a few kilometers. Mission status: • The end-of-life of the SPOT-4 mission was on June 29th, 2013. A small focal spot (0.3-0.6 mm) is used for fluoroscopy, and either the small or the large focal spot (1.0-1.2 mm) can be used for image recording when high tube currents are needed. Such precise coverage is ideal for applications at national and regional scales from 1:250,000 to 1:15,000. Each detector contains 64 detector rows, each of which is 0.6 mm wide. Focal Spot The size of the focal spot affects the amount of focal spot blur in all radiologic imaging, as depicted in Figure 4 [8-10]. A major limitation of in situ XRD and TEM is a compromise that has to be made between spatial and temporal resolution 1,2,3,4,5 . Spacecraft Launch Mission Status Sensor Complement Ground Segment References. Provide orthoimagery at 1.5 m spatial resolution. Using the z-flying focal spot technique, two 64-channel 0.6 mm measurements are combined to create 128 "slices" of projection data along the z axis. 5 1 meter DOQ w/ planimetric overlay Spatial Resolution Sub-meter data w/ planimetric overlay Spatial Resolution. The satellites in the Sentinel-2 constellation will provide a revisit time of five days at the equator in cloud-free conditions. SPOT 6 and SPOT 7 will provide 1.5metre resolution products over broad areas until 2024. NDFD Grid Data Access . The physical size of the detector element usually plays the dominant role in determining resolution, but the combined contributions from acollinearity, positron range, penetration into the detector ring, and decoding errors in the detector modules often combine to be of . Descartar. Obtain native natural color images by adding a blue near . Key words: spatial resolution, sattellite imsge, spot, ikonos. Our constellations Planet operates more than 200 satellites that together provide an unprecedented dataset of Earth observation imagery. The spectral bands of SPOT data are the following: B0 - Blue (454-519 nm, resolution 6m) In 2008, Spot Image of Toulouse, France, and partners (EADS Astrium) started an initiative to build a new commercial SPOT mission series, referred to as SPOT-6 /-7, to continue sustainable wide-swath high-resolution observation services as currently provided by the . The specific placement of the Sentinel-2A bands, as compared to Landsat 7 and 8 bands, can be seen in the graphic below. Source: Colin Williams, NEON. 16-slice and 64-slice. Temporal Resolution. lines per mm, lines per inch), to the . These sensors are used to extract time series of As an industry leader in remote sensing technologies with over 30 years experience, Geoimage is uniquely placed to understand our client needs across multiple sectors. Quantization due to limited intensity resolution Sampling due to limited spatial and temporal resolution Pixels are infinitely small point samples Imaging devices area sample. OLI is similar to Landsat ETM+, has all bands at 30m resolution except for Panchromatic which is at 15m resolution. The methodology applied to future emissions is similar to that used for historical emissions, although with a lower sectoral and temporal resolution, as detailed below. In this article, focusing on spatial resolution and manufacturers' specifications, the author issues a . These time steps are possible in the generation of MODIS Land products: Daily, 4-Day, 8-Day, 16-Day, Monthly, Quarterly, Yearly SPOT-7 satellite sensor built by AIRBUS Defence & Space was successfully launched on June 30, 2014, by a PSLV launcher from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in India. The detail discernible in an image is dependent on the spatial resolution of the sensor and refers to the size of the smallest possible feature that can be detected. Image resolution is the detail an image holds. When the large focal spot is used, the total power load - The higher level MODIS Land products distributed from the LP DAAC are produced at various temporal resolutions, based on the instruments' orbital cycle. Approximate scene size is 170 km north-south by 183 km east-west (106 mi by 114 mi). •The more frequently it is captured, the better or finer the temporal resolution is said to be. POAM III was launched aboard the French SPOT-4 satellite in March 1998 into a Sun synchronous polar orbit. • The eye: photoreceptors Intensity, I J. Liang, D. R. Williams and D. Miller, "Supernormal vision Our constellations Planet operates more than 200 satellites that together provide an unprecedented dataset of Earth observation imagery. The half-scan algorithm technique is used to improve: temporal resolution. Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images consist of seven spectral bands with a spatial resolution of 30 meters for Bands 1 to 5 and 7. Swath Width. movement).. Temporal resolution is chiefly determined by the image frame rate of the system (measured in Hertz), which may vary depending on a number of factors.Overall, an increased frame rate equates to an increased likelihood of . This comprehensive gridded dataset is therefore produced with a consistent methodology by sector across all emission species spanning 1750 through 2014, with a consistent set of . Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved.Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes (e.g. In SPOT 6 and 7 imagery, you can see individual houses and even cars/trucks. . Remember that the spatial resolution represents that area on the ground that each pixel covers. SPOT-6 and SPOT-7 Commercial Imaging Constellation . resolution of 79 meters in four spectral bands ranging from the visible green to the near-infrared (IR) wavelengths. In 2008, Spot Image of Toulouse, France, and partners (EADS Astrium) started an initiative to build a new commercial SPOT mission series, referred to as SPOT-6 /-7, to continue sustainable wide-swath high-resolution observation services as currently provided by the SPOT-5 mission. 4.6 Temporal Resolution . The sensor then detects and measures the radiation that is reflected or backscattered from the target. Spatial Resolution 1 x 1 m 20 x 20 m (SPOT) 30 x 30 m (Landsat TM) 4 x 4 m. 30 Types of Resolution •Frequency at which images are recorded/ captured in a specific place on the Earth. Details can be found in Appendix B. • Geostationary imagers provided data continuously every 15 - 30 minutes. SPOT 6 and 7. • LandSat may not see the same spot on the earth for many days. The lateral resolution is given by the spot size of the probing beam. Bebarapa contoh satelit bumi yang mempunyai resolusi temporal: a. Landsat generasi 1 : 18 hari b. Landsat generasi 2 : 16 hari c. SPOT : 26 hari atau 6-7 kali/bulan karena sensor dapat ditengokkan arah Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Spatial resolution for Band 6 (thermal infrared) is 120 meters, but is resampled to 30-meter pixels. SPOT-6 satellite joined the Pleiades Constellation and later SPOT-7 in 2014 after proposed launch. Collimation: 76 x 0.6 mm Scan time: 0.61 s Scan length: 79 mm Rotation time: 0.28 s Tube setting: 70/70 kV, 115 mAs CTDI vol: 1.16 mGy DLP: 9.1 mGy*cm Eff. 6 The best spatial resolution? The final CMIP6 Design, possibly with small modifications to the here . The RADARSAT Constellation is a trio of Earth observation satellites and is the evolution of Canada's RADARSAT Program. EEG has a very high temporal resolution compared to fMRI. SPOT-6 and SPOT-7 will ensure service continuity begin with the SPOT-4 and SPOT-5 satellites, which have been operating . SPOT-6 is an optical imaging satellite capable of imaging the Earth with a resolution of 1.5 meter panchromatic and 6 meter multispectral (blue, green, red, near-IR) and will offer imaging products to customers in defense, agriculture . The spatial and temporal resolution limits of the human eye, and how these depend on color, are a key factor in designing this and other color imaging technologies. Spectral Modes of Acquisition and Spatial Resolution for SPOT 1,2, and 3 "XS" multispectral mode. SPOT 6/7 is composed of two twin satellites orbiting the Earth 180° apart. Recibe actualizaciones por email sobre nuevos anuncios de empleo de «PSDS DRE Level 6 (Temporal)» en Toluca de Lerdo, México, México. It can pick up the rapid reactions of the brain that happen at the speed of milliseconds, which allows it to sync accurately what happens in the brain and in the environment. • The higher spatial resolution, typically the lower the temporal resolution (spatial detail = less often data). Inicia sesión para crear más RADARSAT satellites: Technical comparison. Remote sensing instruments are of two primary types: Active sensors, provide their own source of energy to illuminate the objects they observe. SPOT-6 - launched in 2012 - and SPOT-7 are identical spacecraft, based on the AstroSat-250 satellite bus and use the NAOMI (New . The RADARSAT Constellation is a trio of Earth observation satellites and is the evolution of Canada's RADARSAT Program. SPOT 7 ( Satellite pour l'Observation de la Terre) is a commercial Earth-imaging satellite and was renamed 'Azersky'. Number of satellites 2 Launch periods SPOT 6: September 12 th, 2012 SPOT 7: to be launched Q1 2014 Design lifetime 10 years Size Body: ~ 1.55 x 1.75 x 2.7 m Solar array wingspan 5,4 m2 Launch mass 712 kg Altitude 694 km Spatial Resolution Ability to image small objects that have high subject contrast (1). EEG is recorded at sampling rates between 250 and 2000 Hz in clinical and research settings. Imaging is performed in three spectral bands. Combined with temporal focusing, parallel stimulation also enables micrometer axial resolution and good preservation of axial resolution and spot shape after hundreds of micrometers of light . The . Temporal resolution Movie cameras and high-speed cameras can resolve events at different points in time. This work consists of establishing an interferogram method of the main types of vegetation in order to achieve the coherence of a multi-temporal Sentinel-1 radar image series, in SLC format (C band, VV and VH polarization . 64-slice and 128-slice. Band 6 SWIR 1 Band 7 SWIR 2 Band 8 Panchromatic Band 9 Cirrus Band 10 TIRS 1 Band 11 TIRS 2 . Spatial Resolution: 250m (bands 1-2) 500m (bands 3-7) 1000m (bands 8-36) Data Rate: 10.6 Mbs/sec: Quantization: 12 bits: Field of View: 110 deg: Wavebands: 36 bands: 1-19 from 405 to 2155nm 20-36 from 3.66 to 14.28 microns: Design Life: 6 years: Duration: Operational They form a constellation of Earth-imaging satellites designed to provide continuity of high-resolution, wide-swath data up to 2024. NDFD grid data are hosted on servers in the NWS Telecommunications Operations Center as described on the Meteorological Development Laboratory's (MDL) NDFD . The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images.Higher resolution means more image detail. NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - [title] AVHRR. For a Gaussian beam profile, the spot size is defined as radius w 0 of the beam waist, where the intensity drops to 1/e². The swath width of Sentinel-2 is 290 km. CNES started the TAKE5 mission 2 days later, until June 19, 2013 — after a mission extension for the Sentinel-2 project of ESA. (high strength of each band). A brief summary can be found in the following overview presentation ( CMIP6FinalDesign_WGCMMeeting_150116_Sent.pdf) and below. Temporal resolution is the amount of time, expressed in days, that elapses before a satellite revisits a particular point on the Earth's surface. The fundamental limits of spatial resolution in positron emission tomography (PET) have been understood for many years. We alluded to this idea in section 2.2 when we discussed the concept of revisit period, which refers to the length of time it takes for a satellite to complete one entire . 16-slice and 128-slice. SPOT-7 Satellite Sensor (1.5m) SPOT-6 and 7 will cover wider areas with a resolution of 1.5 meters, Pléiades 1A and 1B will be focused on . SPOT 6 and SPOT 7 form a constellation of Earth-imaging optical satellites designed to provide continuity of high-resolution, wide-swath SPOT data up to 2023. SPOT-6 and SPOT-7 Commercial Imaging Constellation . That is, they can have higher spectral resolution. Having full support from EADS Astrium (Spot Image's . Resolusi temporal sedang berkisar antara : 4-16 hari c. Resolusi temporal rendah berkisar antara:> 16 hari (Suwargana, 2013). The Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (JARS) is an online journal that optimizes the communication of concepts, information, and progress within the remote sensing community to improve the societal benefit for monitoring and management of natural disasters, weather forecasting, agricultural and urban land-use planning, environmental quality monitoring, ecological restoration, and numerous . Introduction. Global & independent - 100% Australian Owned. This paper presents a methodology for monitoring vegetation in the Pays de Brest using new series of Sentinel-1 satellite images combining with Sentinel-2 and SPOT-6. The time resolution used for movies is usually 15 to 30 frames per second (frames/s), while high-speed cameras may resolve 100 to 1000 frames/s, or even more. Puedes darte de baja de estos emails en cualquier momento. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) is a cross-track scanning system with five spectral bands having a resolution of 1.1 km and a frequency of earth scans twice per day (0230 and 1430 local solar time). In 2014, twin satellite SPOT-7 was released in to orbit with the same capabilities. With a unique combination of coverage, frequency, and resolution Planet delivers geospatial insights at the speed of change, helping you get the most nuanced understanding of changing ground conditions. During this period, a time series of SPOT-4 images were acquired every 5 days using 42 sites scattered over nearly all continents. Temporal Resolution. It was launched in 2014 and remains operational. The satellite was successfully launched on 13 October 2017 from the Plesetsk cosmodrome in Russia. To optimize image resolution it is best to: a. keep the central ray and receptor perpendicular to the patient's anatomy, and rotate the part b. minimize central angulation and rotate the part only slightly c. use the small focal spot and extend the degree of part rotation d. lower the SID and increase the OID with part rotation SPOT-6, launched in September, 2012, is a high resolution optical Earth observation satellite delivering, 1.5m resolution image products. • In video camera the CCD array is an area integral over a pixel. Which of the following types of CT scanners are capable of effectively imaging a beating heart? The satellites SPOT 4 (Satellite Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre) was a second generation of SPOT earth observation satellite operated by Spot Image.. SPOT 4 used the improved bus design, which differed from the earlier SPOT series by having an increased lifetime of five years instead of three, a new extended platform design and service module, which can accommodate twice the payload. 16-slice, 64-slice and 128-slice. Earth observation (EO) from space is important for resource monitoring and management. In radiography, fluoroscopy, and CT, the x-ray tube normally has two focal spot sizes, with nominal sizes of 0.6 and 1.2 mm. The final satellites in the SPOT series, SPOT 6 and SPOT 7 are identical satellites and assure data continuity through to 2024. SPOT Satellite 10 Meter Resolution Grid Cell Looking More Closely at Resolution IKONOS Satellite 4 Meter Resolution Grid Cell Looking More Closely at Resolution. Characteristics generated by satellite images of the earth which are spatial resolution, temporal resolution and spectral resolution. Discussion. Spot Image also distributes multiresolution data from other optical satellites, in particular from Formosat-2 (Taiwan) and Kompsat-2 (South Korea) and from radar satellites (TerraSar-X, ERS . CT has moderate spatial resolution 20 lp/cm (1) Contrast Resolution Ability to distinguish between and image similar tissues (1) CT has excellent low contrast detectability 0.25-0.5 % difference in tissue attenuation (2) Temporal Resolution Ability to freeze motion of the object being imaged Its objective is to ensure C-band data continuity, enhanced operational use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and improved system reliability over the next decade. Temporal Resolution Spatial resolution of passive sensors (we will look at the special case of active microwave sensors later) depends primarily on their Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV).The IFOV is the angular cone of visibility of the sensor (A . The spatial resolution of a raster represents the area on the ground that each pixel covers. RADARSAT satellites: Technical comparison. Understanding Spatial Resolution. The main objective of the Copernicus Sentinel-5P mission is to perform atmospheric measurements with high spatio-temporal resolution, to be used for air quality, ozone & UV radiation, and climate monitoring & forecasting. Among various advantages of CT, its high spatial resolution is especially beneficial in imaging tasks in which small anatomy and pathologic structure is the target, such as in-stent stenosis, lung nodules, coronary calcification, and temporal bones. rays with energy E = 13.8 or 13.6 keV were focused to a spot of . Both satellites have drawn on technological and operational innovations conceived for the Pléiades constellation (very agile platform based on new minisatellite generation). Temporal Resolution (revisit in days) 16 16 18 Spatial coverage (km) 185 x 185 183 x 170 185 x 185 Altitude (km) 705 705 915 (Landsat 1,2,3) MODIS Temporal and Spatial Resolution MODIS Temporal Resolution. To learn more about SPOT, visit our documentation page. 1.5-meter SPOT 6 and 7 products are quite detailed with a lower cost per sq km than high-resolution data sources. 1. In addition to spatial, spectral, and radiometric resolution, the concept of temporal resolution is also important to consider in a remote sensing system. Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) instruments on Landsats 1, 2, and 3 acquired data at 40-meter resolution, and were recorded to 70-millimeter black and white film. Spatial Resolution 10 meter SPOT w/ planimetric overlay Spatial Resolution. The above-mentioned factors will be discussed in more detail in the following . Each image has the same temporal resolution as a cardiac image (75 ms). Geoimage are satellite imagery specialists using advanced geospatial technologies. To achieve optimal image quality, adequate depth penetration, image width, spatial and temporal resolution, image contrast, artifact suppression 11 12, and application of zoom are relevant. An active sensor emits radiation in the direction of the target to be investigated. SPOT 6/7 data with its high spatial resolution is suitable for a range of remote sensing applications such as vegetation monitoring, precise mapping, risk and . The sampling scheme corresponds to that of a 64 x 0.3 mm detector, with the goal of improved longitudinal resolution and reduced spiral artifacts. SPOT-7 is a high-resolution wide-swath imaging spacecraft built and operated by Airbus Defence and Space taking over the majority of Spot Image after the government support of the SPOT program was terminated. The SPOT constellation includes seven medium resolution satellites launched from French Guiana and India starting in 1986. After an introduction to the detector design, we discuss the basics of z-flying focal spot technology (z-Sharp). 9 . For clinical applications involving angiography and interventional procedures, additional x-ray tube characteristics become important ( , 5 ). The Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III instrument measures the vertical distribution of atmospheric ozone, water vapor, nitrogen dioxide, and aerosol extinction.The instrument was developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Temporal resolution in ultrasound represents the extent to which an ultrasound system is able to distinguish changes between successive image frames over time (i.e. The performance of optical EO sensors is determined by four resolutions: spatial, spectral, radiometric and temporal. Watch video SPOT-7 the satellite launch. Temporal Resolution (revisit days) 18 (Landsat 1,2,3) 16 16 16 It is available over more than 110 countries, representing a total of more than 95 million km2.The dataset has a resolution of 2.5 metres and it is composed by level 2A data with radiometric correction identical to that of level 1A. Temporal resolution relates to the duration of time for acquisition of a single frame of a dynamic process, i.e., cine imaging.. Remote sensing data is collected at varying spatial resolutions. Figure 1(b) shows measured spectra at low and high excitation power densities of 0.5 ×10 5 and 4.0 ×10 6 W/m 2, respectively, with an approximate beam spot size of 1 μm 2. There are three data types produced from . 64-slice and 128-slice. The bands used are band B1 covering 0.50 to 0.59 m (green), band B2 covering 0.61 to 0.68 m (red) and band B3 covering 0.79 to 0.89 m (near infrared). Introduction. Now suppose we have some high res remote sensing images (say Spot 6/7, with 1.5m pixel spacing) and some low res remote sensing images (like Sentinel-2, with 10m pixel spacing) and we want to enhance the low res images at the same resolution of the high res. — From USGS EROS article , Aug 6, 2019 + more quotes "Continental scale applications of medium and high-resolution earth observation data are becoming increasingly important and feasible, driven largely by free and open access to the Landsat archive…the Landsat archive offers a temporal dimension for decades long retrospective analysis . Iodinated contrast volume can be reduced. SPOTMaps 2.5 is a dataset providing nationwide or regional seamless coverage, orthorectified, derived from colour imagery acquired by SPOT 5. PENDAHULUAN Latar belakang penulisan ini adalah adanya banyak pihak yang berkepentingan terutama bagi pelajar, mahasiswa dan pengguna yang baru mengenal/ With a unique combination of coverage, frequency, and resolution Planet delivers geospatial insights at the speed of change, helping you get the most nuanced understanding of changing ground conditions. 7 13 Hence, the best possible image parameter settings should be achieved. What Affects Resolution? Combination of Turbo Flash mode and unprecedented temporal resolution allows motion of the heart to be frozen even at heart rates of 130 bpm IAEA Optical System couples XRII to video camera includes: Collimating Lens to shape the divergent light from the Output Phosphor Aperture to limit the amount of light reaching the video camera Lens to focus the image onto the video camera 8.2 FLUOROSCOPIC EQUIPMENT 8.2.1 The Fluoroscopic Imaging Chain Diagnostic Radiology Physics: a Handbook for Teachers and Students -chapter 8, 13 The main properties of human spatial and temporal resolution are described in several reference sources (e.g., De Valois and De Valois, 1988; Wandell, 1995). The CMIP6 design and organization was finalized at the WGCM 18th Session that was held 8-10 October 2014 in Grainau/Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Germany). A SPOT satellite acquisition covers large areas in a single pass at resolutions up to 1.5m. Spatial resolution at CT depends on several factors including x-ray focal spot . The main visible and near-infrared Sentinel-2A bands have a spatial resolution of 10 meters, while its "red-edge" (red and near-infrared bands) and two shortwave infrared bands have a 20-meter spatial resolution. 4.7 . Delivered Landsat MSS data are resampled to 60 meters (table 1). The concept of temporal resolution is fundamental to cardiac CT and MRI, in which a rapidly beating heart is imaged over the order of milliseconds into multiple frame-captures. SPOT-6 and SPOT-7 technical performance was successfully enhanced with the experience of SPOT-5 in order to: Maintain a high level coverage capability by capturing bandwidth of 60 km and up to 120 km (from…to) in one pass mosaic. 6) • SPOT-4 reached its new orbit on Jan. 29, 2013. Al crear esta alerta de empleo, aceptas las Condiciones de uso y la Política de privacidad. An important feature of . The same resolution concepts apply to multispectral data. Pleiades, SPOT 6/7, IKONOS, QuickBird, WorldView-2, etc.). The temporal resolution of forecast elements varies by forecast projection. At low excitation power, we observe a bright peak at 1289 nm, near the telecom O -band. SPOT-6 was launched by India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on flight C21 on September 9, 2012 and SPOT-7 was launched on PSLV flight C23 on June 30, 2014. In contrast to that, the lateral resolution is defined by the beam diameter at half maximum (FWHM). Spatial (what area and how detailed) . Very high spectral resolutions sensors (hyperspectral sensors or imaging spectrometers) provide more than 100 narrow, contiguous spectral bands. i.e. dose: 0.33 mSv HR: 130 bpm. Individual houses and even cars/trucks with energy E = 13.8 or 13.6 keV focused... ( 106 mi by 114 mi ) both satellites have drawn on technological and operational innovations conceived for the constellation! 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Ground that each pixel covers October 2017 from the target to be investigated //www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/Journal-of-Applied-Remote-Sensing/volume-7/issue-01/073599/Comparative-analysis-of-SPOT-Landsat-MODIS-and-AVHRR-normalized-difference/10.1117/1.JRS.7.073599.full '' > satellite imagery - <. Each of which is 0.6 mm wide pixel covers inch ), to the detector Design, we observe bright. Each of which is at 15m resolution: //asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/radarsat/technical-features/radarsat-comparison.asp '' > Comparative analysis SPOT! Service continuity begin with the same resolution concepts apply to multispectral data pleiades, 6/7! Spot-4 satellite in March 1998 into a Sun synchronous polar orbit SPOT constellation includes seven medium satellites... The SPOT archive contains more than 100 billion square kilometres acquired since 1986, a unique database for temporal monitoring! 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