Over 80% of African-American (AA) women are overweight or obese. West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa.The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 17 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. People assume that since blacks are, on average, more muscular and have less fat mass they are stronger than whites and East Asians. PDF West African Genetic Medicine Centre (WAGMC) Variations in somato-genetic patterns in muscle-fibre biology, biochemical metabolic pathways and pulmonary physiology are hypothesized to have been concentrated by natural selection over the centuries in the Afrocentric peoples displaced from West Africa to the New World. How Science and Genetics are Reshaping the Race Debate of ... Africa is home to numerous cattle breeds whose diversity has been shaped by subtle combinations of human and natural selection. Donald Trump's election as the 45 th President of the United States has been marked by the brewing storms of racial conflicts. Natty or Juice? There are a lot of genetic variants common in West Africa because they give some resistance to malaria. African-American children have better motor skills earlier in life than other groups; African-American people have a lower body fat on average, and a higher appendicular muscle mass; African Americans have been shown to have as much as 8% less slow-twitch, and 7% more fast-twitch muscle fibres, when sedentary untrained Fast Twitch or Slow Twitch: Which Are You? - GeneBlueprint Their lack of wool eliminates a number of health concerns and drastically reduces the cost of production. Kenyans sweep distance races, Jamaicans sprints: How ... Race matters a great deal when it comes to your obesity risk. Genomic Variation in Seven Khoe-San Groups Reveals ... East African running dominance: what is behind it ... figures by Daniel Utter. A large racial disparity between AA and European-Americans (EA) in obesity rates exists among women, but curiously not among men. . Genetic study clarifies African and African-A | EurekAlert! by Vivian Chou. We show that Early Neolithic Moroccans are composed of an endemic . Patterns of African and Asian admixture in the Afrikaner ... Frontiers | The Genetic Contribution of West-African ... This research protocol is designed to study the genetic basis of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and related conditions in Africa. I would note that much of the West Eurasian ancestry in Horners while ultimately West Eurasian is probably African mediated / owed for example to populations that were probably by majority West Eurasian in ancestry but geographically resided in Africa itself; North Africa in particular. Genetics and Athletic Performance | Encyclopedia.com Generally, people of West African origin have more fast twitch muscles which allow intense bursts of power. Grizzle, W. E. et al. Researchers are yet to confirm a genetic or physiological advantage in being a middle or long distance runner of East African origin, and it is most likely that the reasons for their success are many. Genetic studies have found that thalassaemia mutations show heterogeneity in NA, especially between Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, which could be explained by new mutational events and gene flow due to human migrations and colonization. It's no surprise why they look almost alike. youtu.be/jDya7s. Using next-generation sequencing and ancient-DNA techniques, we directly test whether Neolithization in North Africa occurred through the transmission of ideas or by demic diffusion. Other well-known hemoglobin variants associated with malaria resistance in African populations include . If that promotes the development of fast-twitch muscle fibres in growing foetuses, that could add to the Jamaican edge. Regardless, they all ha Continue Reading James Tedesco First ancient genomes from West Africa reveal complexity of human ancestry. The idea is that any life existing beyond our planet will one day hear the . The population of West Africa is estimated at . Yang et al 11 explained the similar genotype between the East African and West African individuals as the result of the effect of other genetic influences or environmental factors on muscle performance, rather than a simple relationship between the ACTN3 genotype and running ability. Unfortunately, there is no study which compared muscle fiber composition among Asian, European, and African populations. Genetic Cluster AnalysisThe Data 1. This project, the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study, has been continuously funded for over a decade by multiple institutes at NIH including an R01 grant from the NIDDK to Dr. Rotimi when he was a Professor at Howard University. In 1977, two phonographic records were sent hurtling into space, carrying with them the sounds of life on Earth. We find that geographically distant hunter-gatherer populations from East Africa share unique common ancestry and we see strong . and it is not strictly genetic: the west African population doesn't . The American Cancer Society reports, African Americans (AAs), in the United States, have a 1.7 increased incidence and 2.4 times higher mortality rate, compared to European American's (EAs). The study suggests that in West Africa there may be a larger pool of people with elevated levels of oxygen uptake. Recently, research has asserted the potential of Sanga breeds for commercial beef production with better meat quality as compared to Bos . These include things which, in the absence of malaria, would be harmful rather than beneficial - the most famous example of this is the allele which causes sickle cell anaemia. We. Take home message The periodic domination of middle and long distance running by different regions of the world is not a new phenomenon. This is why running backs, defensive linemen, and receivers are almost all black. The Afrikaner population of South Africa is the descendants of European colonists who started to colonize the Cape of Good Hope in the 1600s. Over 80% of African-American (AA) women are overweight or obese. West Asia and Northeast Africa form a single land mass at the Suez. Self‐identified African Americans and prostate cancer risk: West African genetic ancestry is associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and with higher Gleason sum on biopsy . The West Africans, by a ratio of approximately two to one, had more of the larger fast-twitch fibers. GABRIEL'S CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/user/FearlessAcademyMy Website: http://www.russwole.comGet Alphalete Apparel:http://alphaleteathletics.comGet Bare. Eurogenes DNA analysis and African DNA results. BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - Among black men, those with more genetic variants descended from West Africa may have a relatively lower risk of being overweight, obese and diabetic, according to a new study. Although socio-economic and/or cultural factors may partly account for this race-by-sex interaction, the potential involvement of genetic factors has not yet been investigated. According to these previous data, African populations, at least those of West African ancestry, may show higher proportions of type II fibers than Caucasian populations, which might influence high sprint performance. Human Taxonomy2.3. A rise in racial incidents ensued in the immediate aftermath of Trump's victory in November 2016. Polynesians, Melanesians and West Africans descend from the oldest farming societies in the world. Africa is the cradle of humankind. The FBPP GenNet study recruited European-American (N=1,497) and African American (N=1,101) participants at two field centers between 1995 and 2003, based on a hypertensive proband 44. They may have had East African cluster like ancestry . Hence, early population history in west Africa and the subsequent African Diaspora may play an important role in understanding the global disproportionate . Thanks to the science team's findings of genetic structure in West Africa, the new African ethnicity regions will be a breakthrough for many African Americans and may even reunite the origins of disrupted families. Is this running's . Like the MDLP test, the Eurogenes DNA analysis tool hosted on Gedmatch was developed to largely analyze European-DNA. 14.4.4. According to these previous data, African populations, at least those of West African ancestry, may show higher proportions of type II fibers than Caucasian populations, which might influence high sprint performance. In this context, the muscle performance response to exercise training is dynamic, and genetic factors account for 50 to 80% of the interindividual variation.10. In prehistoric times, the Sahara desert to the south and the Mediterranean Sea to the north were important geographical barriers. Another gene, known as ACE, has been linked . The stories take advantage of a widespread perception - by no means totally unjustified, but nonetheless controversial - that Jamaicans and other groups of West African ancestry have a genetic. Yet, while runners of West African descent win upwards of 95% of the elite races (not all of course - human variation and individual drive ensure there are no guarantees . These extinct relatives of Homo sapiens passed genes to. Racial differences in elite sporting competition come down to a lot of genetic factors, largely influenced by hormones, genes, and muscle fiber typing. Although socio-economic and/or cultural factors may partly account for this race-by-sex interaction, the potential involvement of genetic factors has not yet been investigated. . Four West African populations -- Yoruba, Esan, Mende, and Gambian -- derive 2 to 19% of their genetic ancestry from a yet-undiscovered species of archaic hominin that diverged before the split of . Unfortunately, there is no study which compared muscle fiber composition among Asian, European, and African populations. 1. With that said, it does provide some very interesting insights into non-European genetic inheritances. why do blacks run so fast? All . For the first time, scientists analyzed the ancient genetics of four individuals from the Shum Laka rock shelter in . However, when looked at physiologically, the frequency of muscle fiber types (Type I, Type II… Walking to East Africa.picture taken November 5, 2014. 14.4.4. Pixabay, Public Domain. Some black people have good genetics for building muscle, but there are also many who don't. The fact that you're black does not mean that you have superior genetics for building muscle mass by default. Here we analyze a genome-wide dataset in 840 ethnically and geographically diverse Africans. A large racial disparity between AA and European-Americans (EA) in obesity rates exists among women, but curiously not among men. They took the same samples from two dozen sedentary white students who were identical to the African students in age, height, and weight. Back in 2008, a Cornell University study revealed that the genetics of Europeans have far more harmful mutations than people of African descent. Scientists say thousands of years ago West Africans migrated to east and southern Africa via Zambia. Frontiers in Genetics , May . The fast-twitch fiber was associated with speed of movement and the adaptation of the individual to endurance training. In the future, more detailed analyses of genetic data and family trees have the potential to reveal important historical stories. Explaining Black African genetics. The acquisition of agricultural techniques during the so-called Neolithic revolution has been one of the major steps forward in human history. Introduction In 2014, Harvard University's Reich Lab published one of the largest genetic cluster analyses to date, featuring (almost) the entire human race. . Population variation between known fiber typings/hormones/genes that affect certain types of athletic performance explains a lot of the variation within, and especially between populations. Non-Hispanic white subjects were recruited from Tecumseh, Michigan, and African American subjects were recruited from Maywood, Illinois. These phenotypic and genot … According to Claude Bouchard, a geneticist, who studied fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers, West African students had more of the larger fast-twitch fibers than the slow-twitch. Genes reveal West African heritage of white Brits. The figures in sprinting are even more overwhelming: in the 100m, the purest test of speed, blacks of West African ancestry hold the top 220 times and 494 of the top 500 times. The ACTN3 is more common in those of West African descent than in Europeans, according to a study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics. The scientists took muscle samples from the thighs of sedentary students , primarily from countries in West Africa. By Roxanne Khamsi. Here's a safe prediction: all of the athletes who line up at the final of the men's 100-meter sprint in Sydney trace their ancestry to West Africa. Using next-generation sequencing and ancient-DNA techniques, we directly test whether Neolithization in North Africa occurred through the transmission of ideas or by demic diffusion. 13 Among the >45 mutations identified in the beta-globin gene in North African countries, the most common in . Moroccan genetics encompasses the genetic history of the people of Morocco, and the genetic influence of this ancestry on world populations.It has been heavily influenced by geography. African populations have been underrepresented in human genomics research yet are important for understanding modern human origins and the genetic basis of adaptive traits. African Sanga cattle are an intermediate type of cattle resulting from interbreeding between Bos taurus and Bos indicus subspecies. 1950 words Blacks being stronger than whites (on average) is one of the most common misconceptions around. 100% Upvoted. 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